When a bank borrower defaults, investigators and credit officers must determine how the money was used — and whether the default was wilful. Two specific terms defined by RBI in its Wilful Defaulters Directions, 2024 (effective November 1, 2024) are central to this determination: diversion of funds and siphoning of Read more…
Pari passu charge is one of the most commonly used security structures in consortium and multiple banking arrangements in India. When two or more banks lend to the same borrower against the same asset, understanding pari passu charge becomes essential for every credit officer, branch manager and JAIIB aspirant. This Read more…
Working Capital is a financial indicator of operational liquidity of a business organization. Working Capital is the short term assets to cover the short term liabilities of the organization. Working Capital is calculated as Current Assets – Current Liabilities, also represented as Net Working Capital. The Working Capital Ratio or Read more…
Letter of Credit (LC) and the ‘Standby Letter of Credit’ (SBLC) are used by Importers and Exporters in International Trade to ensure financial safety so that payment of the supplier is assured of payment once he has performed his obligation. While LC is used as a primary method of payment, Read more…
CGTMSE Scheme known as “Credit Guarantee Fund for Micro and Small Enterprises” is a guarantee fund set by Government of India to guarantee the loans provided by banks to small enterprises and medium enterprises. The objective of the fund is to enable small and medium enterprises to avail loans from banks Read more…
A letter of credit is issued (opened) bank a Bank on the request of his buyer customer in favour of seller, which is an undertaking by the bank to make payment to the seller if fulfills his obligations. The process of Letter of Credit is described in the following images and also Read more…
Credit Appraisal is a process which require sufficient knowledge and proper due diligence. Credit involves risk of default, which can not be avoided but can be minimized. So you should minimize the risk. The first step is to act early and act fast. If you do not start your due Read more…
Infrastructure and core industries projects have a long gestation periods and large capital investments. The repayment period for loans to such sectors should be corresponding to their gestation period of cash flows. However, Banks were unable to provide such long tenor financing due to asset-liability mismatch issues. Banks were restricting Read more…
Equitable mortgage is most common type of mortgage in India. But there are different types of mortgages. What is mortgage, what are other types of mortgage and how these are different is explained in this article. What is mortgage? Mortgage is defined in Transfer of Property Act, 1882, Section 58: A Read more…
Analysis of holding period is an important aspect while sanctioning working capital facilities in Banks. In this article, we have discussed how holding periods are calculated and analysed for stocks, receivables and creditors. Holding levels means the period of a particular current asset or current liability after which it is Read more…